Agranulocytosis Definition Agranulocytosis is when a person does not have enough white blood cells called neutrophils or granulocytes. Alternative NamesGranulocytopenia; Granulopenia; Neutropenia Causes Agranulocytosis can be caused by a failure of the bone marrow to make enough neutrophils. It may also occur when white blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be produced. Symptoms Persons with this condition are more likely to develop infections. Exams and Tests See: Blood differential test |