Hypervitaminosis D

Definition

Hypervitaminosis D symptoms appear several months after excessive doses of vitamin D are administered.

Alternative Names

Causes

An excess of vitamin D causes abnormally high blood concentrations of calcium, which can eventually cause severe damage to the bones, soft tissues, and kidneys. It is almost always associated with forms of vitamin D that require a doctor's prescription.

Symptoms

• Dehydration 
• Vomiting 
• Decreased appetite (anorexia)
• Irritability 
• Constipation 
• Fatigue

Exams and Tests

• Polydipsia (excessive thirst)
• Polyuria (passing large amounts of urine)
• Hypertension (high blood pressure)
• Hypercalcemia (excess calcium in the blood)
• Hypercalciuria (excess calcium in the urine)

Tests to confirm the diagnosis:

• Calcium - serum
• Phosphorus - serum 
• 25-hydroxyVitamin D levels
• 1,25 dihydroxyVitamin D levels
• X-ray of the bone (focusing on the long bones)

Treatment

Stop taking vitamin D. Consult your physician. In severe cases, other treatment may be necessary.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Recovery is expected.

Possible Complications

• Kidney damage
• Kidney stones

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call your health care provider if you or your child shows symptoms of hypervitaminosis D, and you have been taking vitamin D in excess of the recommended daily allowance. Also call if you or your child show symptoms and you have been taking a prescription form of vitamin D.

Prevention

To prevent this condition, pay careful attention to the correct vitamin D dose.