Tardive dyskinesia

Definition

Tardive dyskinesia is a disorder that causes involuntary movements (especially of the lower face).

Causes

Tardive dyskinesia is serious side effect of long-term use of drugs called neuroleptics. The most commonly used neuroleptics are older anti-psychotic drugs, including haloperidol, trifluoperazine, or fluphenazine.

Symptoms

The abnormal movements include tongue thrusting, repetitive chewing, jaw swinging, or facial grimacing.

Outlook (Prognosis)

If diagnosed early, the condition may be reversed by stopping the drug that caused the symptoms. In some cases, even if the antipsychotic drugs are stopped, the involuntary movements may become significantly worse or permanent.

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